12.4 Maritime Environmental Challenges
- 12.0 All the Grade 12 videos
- 12 Introduction
- 12.1 The Maritime World
- 12.1.1 Main types of marine propulsion systems
- 12.1.1.1 Sailing Ships
- 12.1.1.2 Steamships
- 12.1.1.3 Modern Steamships
- 12.1.1.4 Motorships
- 12.1.1.5 Diesel-electric propulsion systems
- 12.1.1.6 Nuclear Power
- 12.1.1.7 Recent Developments in Marine Propulsion
- 12.1.2 Graphic displays of information and text from a variety of sources
- 12.1.3 International Employment of Seafarers
- 12.2 Shipping Operations
- 12.2.1 Registration of Ships
- 12.2.2 Classification Societies
- 12.2.3 Intermodal Transport Systems
- 12.2.4 Incoterms, especially in the context of container shipping
- 12.2.5 Marine Insurance
- 12.2.6 Ship Chartering and Laytime Calculations
- 12.3 International Trade
- 12.3.1 Fair Trade
- 12.3.2 The Strategic Importance of Convergence Zones
- 12.3.2.1 Suez Canal to Bab-el-Mandeb
- 12.3.2.2 Turkish Straits
- 12.3.2.3 Straits of Gibraltar
- 12.3.2.4 English Channel & Straits of Dover
- 12.3.2.5 Panama Canal
- 12.3.2.6 Cape Agulhas
- 12.3.2.7 Straits of Hormuz
- 12.3.2.8 Straits of Malacca
- 12.3.3 Elementary aspects of South African maritime law
- 12.4 Maritime Environmental Challenges
- 12.4.1 Environmental aspects which could be affected by maritime operations
- 12.4.2 Maritime Weather Forecasting, Shipping Routing and other operations
- 12.4.3 Aspects of the fishing industry with special reference to Southern Africa and the southern islands
- 12.4.4 Promote responsible attitudes towards the marine environment
- Test Yourself