graham

September 19, 2016

Major global areas of supply and demand

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_video link=”https://vimeo.com/473798931″][vc_column_text]The major industrialised countries (see the map below showing the industrialised regions) are consumers of raw materials (e.g. iron ore, coal, oil, a range of other minerals) and, because there are large concentrations of people in those countries, they also need to import large amounts of food (e.g. grain, […]

September 19, 2016

Factors influencing trade fluctuations

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_video link=”https://vimeo.com/473740460″][vc_column_text]See also Lesson 11.2.2 Ship Chartering (“Hiring” a Ship) The level of trade rises and falls, depending on a number of factors : Global or regional economic changes – If the world or a region is experiencing an economic boom, its export trade will flourish. Money will be available […]

September 19, 2016

Procedures pertaining to shipping containers

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_video link=”https://vimeo.com/505333317″][vc_column_text]In moving cargo, many international procedures and rules about documentation have to be followed carefully. Among important aspects relating to cargo imports and exports are the following: Customs – Every country has regulations relating to what may be brought into the country and whether a “duty” (a state-imposed fee) […]

September 19, 2016

A Littoral State

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_video link=”https://vimeo.com/473798726″][vc_column_text]A littoral state is a country that has a coastline, i.e. at least one part of the country borders on the sea. South Africa, for example, is a littoral state, but Lesotho and Botswana are not as they do not have a coastline. They are land-locked countries and rely […]