Individual corrections.
In order to be able to use the altitude obtained by sextant of a heavenly body, we need to convert it from a sextant altitude to a true altitude. To do this we need to apply five individual corrections to the altitude obtained from the sextant, namely corrections for:

  1. Index error.
  2. Dip.
  3. Refraction.
  4. Semi-diameter.
  5. Parallax.