{"id":1017,"date":"2015-11-13T14:54:27","date_gmt":"2015-11-13T14:54:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/maritimesa.org\/grade-10\/?p=1017"},"modified":"2015-11-28T12:10:02","modified_gmt":"2015-11-28T12:10:02","slug":"bulk-carriers-some-historical-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/maritimesa.org\/grade-10\/bulk-carriers-some-historical-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Bulk carriers: some historical notes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bulk cargoes used to be carried in general cargoships.<\/p>\n<p>After World War 2, \u201cLiberty ships\u201d (a special class of ships that were built during World War 2) \u00a0and other war-built ships (known as Victory, Fort, Ocean, Park-class ships) were also used to move bulk cargoes.<\/p>\n<p>From the late 1950s,\u00a0changes were made to the design of ships to carry bulk cargoes.\u00a0Owners who had been using war-built ships (or even older ships) to carry bulk cargoes wanted to replace their vessels with new, specially-designed ships.\u00a0New vessels were built with their designs that were modified to carry bulk cargoes.\u00a0Other operators continued to use standard cargoships to move bulk cargoes.<\/p>\n<p>When the first dedicated bulkers began to be built in the late 1950s and early 1960s, they had :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>accommodation &amp; engine aft<\/li>\n<li>derricks (more modern bulkers have cranes; others are gearless)<\/li>\n<li>four or five holds<\/li>\n<li>no tweendecks<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The Japanese-designed<strong> Freedom ships<\/strong> became popular with those transporting bulk cargoes, as did the British-designed <strong>SD14 ships<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Many other classes of bulkers were also built. Cranes were fitted, rather than derricks.<\/p>\n<p>A shipbuilding boom began as hundreds of new bulk carriers were ordered to replace older ships.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Growth in size of bulk carriers<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Some ships need to be relatively small to enter smaller or shallower ports, and\/or to carry smaller amounts of cargo. Therefore the Handysize bulker remains very common.<\/p>\n<p>However, owners realised that moving larger volumes of cargo at a time saved money.<\/p>\n<p>Larger bulkers were built, particularly for the \u201clong haul\u201d iron ore and coal trades, e.g. Brazil to Asia; Richards Bay to Asia.<\/p>\n<p>For 26 years, <em>Berge\u00a0Stahl<\/em> (built 1986) was the largest bulker.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Length:<\/strong>\u00a0343m<\/li>\n<li><strong>Beam:<\/strong> 64m<\/li>\n<li><strong>Draught:\u00a0<\/strong>23m<\/li>\n<li><strong>Deadweight:<\/strong>\u00a0364 767 dwt<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The largest bulker is now the Vale-class with a length of closer to 400 metres, a beam of around 70 metres, and a summer loaded draught of about 26 metres.<\/p>\n<p>[new_royalslider id=&#8221;29&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bulk cargoes used to be carried in general cargoships. After World War 2, \u201cLiberty ships\u201d (a special class of ships that were built during World War 2) \u00a0and other war-built ships (known as Victory, Fort, Ocean, Park-class ships) were also used to move bulk cargoes. From the late 1950s,\u00a0changes were [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1017","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-10-1-1-5-2-bulk-carriers"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/maritimesa.org\/grade-10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1017"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/maritimesa.org\/grade-10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/maritimesa.org\/grade-10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maritimesa.org\/grade-10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maritimesa.org\/grade-10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1017"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/maritimesa.org\/grade-10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1017\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1065,"href":"https:\/\/maritimesa.org\/grade-10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1017\/revisions\/1065"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/maritimesa.org\/grade-10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1017"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maritimesa.org\/grade-10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1017"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maritimesa.org\/grade-10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1017"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}